S
ECTION
1.3
P
ROBLEM
S
OLVING
I
NVOLVING
M
AX
AND
M
IN
i) Revenue problems
ii) Maximum area
iii) Minimum for sums of two squares
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I) B
ASICS
IN
O
PERATING
A
BUSINESS!
When we increase the price of an merchandise,
Sales will
decrease
In contrast, when we decrease the price
sales will increase
Revenue is the income generated from sales
In this lesson, we will learn to Maximize Revenue and Profit
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Ex#1) An ice-cream shop sells 300 cones a day at $3.50 each.
For every $0.50 increase, he loses 20 sales.
Q:How does the price affect quantity?
Q:How can the price be changed to generate the maximum
revenue?
A
NALYZE
THE
QUESTION
: P
RICE
VS
Q
UANTITY
Initial Quantity:
Initial Price:
Change in Quantity:
Change in Price:
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Sales begin at 300 cones per day
The initial price is at 3.50 per cone
Decrease of 20 cones in sales
Price is increased by $0.50/cone
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
200
300
Initial value
For every increase in 50 cents:
Sales will decrease by 20 units
For every change, a new set of
coordinates will be created
The points can be used to
make a straight line
Use the slope equation
to find how the price
affects quantity
A
) H
OW
DOES
THE
PRICE
AFFECT
QUANTITY
?
If we plug in the values and Isolate “Q”, we obtain an equation that
shows how the price affects quantity
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The x-axis corresponds with the price
The y-axis corresponds with the quantity
This equation shows how the
price affects the quantity
B
) W
HAT
PRICE
WILL
GENERATE
M
AXIMUM
R
EVENUE
?
Revenue = Quantity x Price
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
The points come together
and generate a parabola
The maximum
revenue will be at the
vertex (highest point
on the graph)
Maximum revenue occurs when
the price is at $5.50
F
INDING
THE
M
AXIMUM
R
EVENUE
We can find the maximum revenue by CTS or XAV
The vertex of the revenue equation indicates the
maximum revenue: x-coord: Price , y-coord: Revenue
The Max revenue is $1210
The Maximum revenue occurs
when the price is at $5.50
CTS with the revenue equation
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E
X
#2) A B
ROADWAY
M
USICAL
SELLS
3500
TICKETS
A
WEEK
AT
$25
PER
TICKET
. F
OR
EVERY
$1.25
DECREASE
, 400
EXTRA
TICKETS
WILL
BE
SOLD
.
Write “Q” as a function of “p”
Write “P” as a function of “Q”
Write “R” as a function of “p”
What price will generate the maximum revenue?
What Price will generate a Revenue greater than $80,000
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Use this chart to generate the equation:
Write “P” as a function of “Q” (Isolate “P”)
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Write “P” as a function of “R” and find the maximum revenue
The Maximum Revenue is
$103320.31 and when the
unit price is $17.97
W
HAT
PRICE
WILL
YIELD
A
REVENUE
GREATER
THAN
$80,000?
Find the Intersection Point
For any price between
$9.43 to $26.51, the
revenue will be greater
than $80,000!!
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To solve for the
intersection points,
make the Revenue
equal to $80,000 and
solve for the price
Isolate “P”
The Revenue will be
greater than $80,000 if
the price is between
$9.43 to $26.51
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II) M
AX
/M
IN
FOR
N
UMBER
P
ROBLEMS
Use the information given to create a quadratic
equation
Use CTS or XAV to find the vertex
Sum
Add
Difference
Subtract
Product
Multiplication
Squares
Square the number
Ex: The sum of two numbers is 80. Their product is a
maximum. Find the numbers
The sum is 80
They have a “product”
that is a maximum
Substitute the first
equation into the second
one.
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Find the vertex because
the vertex is the maximum
1. Complete the square
2. Xavier
The maximum is 1600,
when x = 40 and y = 40
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Ex: The difference of two numbers is 10. The sum of
their squares is a minimum. Find the numbers
The difference is 10
The sum of their squares is
a minimum
Substitute the first equation
into the second one.
Complete the square
The minimum occurs
when x = –5
The other number is:
Sum of the squares is:
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E
X
#3) A
FARMER
WANTS
TO
BUILD
A
RECTANGULAR
BARN
USING
100
METERS
OF
FENCING
FOR
HIS
COWS
AND
CHICKENS
. H
OWEVER
,
HE
NEEDS
TO
SEPARATE
THE
TWO
GROUPS
OF
ANIMALS
AND
NEEDS
TO
MAKE
THE
LARGEST
POSSIBLE
AREA
. D
ETERMINE
THE
DIMENSIONS
FOR
THE
BARN
.
I
SOLATE
ONE
VARIABLE
Complete the square
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H
OMEWORK
: A
SSIGNMENT
1.3
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